Changing user IDs did not work properly, I rolled that back.

It should work fine so you must have done something wrong. How did you change the user IDs?

I kept all my CD’s from the 90’s that have sentimental value because those are my high school and college years. I used to look at the band photos and lyrics in the liner notes all the time

Since 2000 I’ve been ripping CDs the moment I buy them and look the liner notes once and then it goes in the closet. I sold or donated almost all of those unless it was from a band I liked from the 90’s or some kind of collector’s edition

Same for DVDs. I ripped them all and kept about 10%

Same for my National Geographic magazines. I kept about 10 and I have the entire collection on my computer back to 1888

It looks like the source of the bug is identified and fixed.

https://github.com/openzfs/zfs/pull/15579/commits/679738cc408d575289af2e31cdb1db9e311f0adf

[2.2] dnode_is_dirty: check dnode and its data for dirtiness #15579

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ARM_architecture_family#Architectural_licence

Companies can also obtain an ARM architectural licence for designing their own CPU cores using the ARM instruction sets. These cores must comply fully with the ARM architecture. Companies that have designed cores that implement an ARM architecture include Apple, AppliedMicro (now: Ampere Computing), Broadcom, Cavium (now: Marvell), Digital Equipment Corporation, Intel, Nvidia, Qualcomm, Samsung Electronics, Fujitsu, and NUVIA Inc. (acquired by Qualcomm in 2021).

Qualcomm has an architectural license and used to design their own ARM core in the Snapdragon 800, 805, 820 series. The 810 and later chips use licensed ARM cores. Then Q acquired Nuvia so they are designing their own custom cores again.

Anything eSATA is probably over 10 years old now.

If it is an enclosure with just 1 hard drive then it will probably work fine. If you are looking at an eSATA enclosure with multiple hard drives then it probably has a SATA port multiplier inside. SATA port multipliers require specific port multiplier support from the main SATA controller in your PC. As far as I know none of the Intel or AMD SATA controllers on a motherboard support port multipliers. You have to use another PCIE SATA card with support for that. My experience with them 10 years ago is that they are all flaky and will suffer from random disconnects and dropouts.

USB3 is far more popular now and basically killed eSATA. USB can also have problems with random disconnects.

How many drives do you need in the external enclosure? Commerically available SAS enclosures are expensive. If you have an old PC case and power supply you can make that into a SAS enclosure with a few cables and adapters

Get an LSI SAS HBA “8e” card like this

https://www.ebay.com/itm/163534822734?epid=28034148027&hash=item26136f5d4e:g:5sEAAOSwdwlcX2E3

A couple SFF-8088 to 4X SATA cables

https://www.amazon.com/Female-3-3FTCable-Controller-Target-Backplane/dp/B08NGGPPCY/

A power supply jumper like this

https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B0756WFMNF/ref=ppx_yo_dt_b_search_asin_title?ie=UTF8&psc=1

I’ve got 8 drives in an old PC case like this and it works great with no disconnects ever.

Does your server use a server motherboard? Or are you reusing a desktop style motherboard as a server?

A lot of server motherboards support IPMI which allows access over the network to change BIOS / UEFI settings and install the OS remotely and stuff like that.

Honestly you bought the wrong card for internal SAS hard drives. You can make it work with some adapters but it is going to get messy.

As you have discovered the SFF-8088 port is on the back of the card for connecting an external box of drives. You can use an SFF-8088 to 4X SATA cable like this and loop the cable from outside your case back inside.

https://www.amazon.com/CableCreation-SFF-8088-Female-Controller-Backplane/dp/B013G4EX9K/

But this won’t work with your SAS hard drive. That cable is for SATA hard drives and SAS drives have an extra bit of plastic to prevent connecting a SATA cable.

https://imgur.com/a/9zieTy8

You can use this SFF-8088 to SAS cable and loop it from the back of your case to the inside but you see it requires a bunch of Molex connectors to provide power for the drives. If you had that many free Molex connectors then buy this cable.

https://www.amazon.com/Mini-SAS-SFF-8088-SFF-8482-Power-Cable/dp/B08NGJ7F5K

What you really should have bought is an LSI SAS HBA “8i” or “16i” card that have SFF-8087 ports designed for internal use. Then you can use this cable with connectors to the SAS data ports on the hard drive and then uses SATA power connectors to power the SAS hard drives.

https://www.amazon.com/AdcAudx-Mini-SAS-SAS-Cable-Internal-SATA-Power/dp/B09Q33VV5V/

You could get a bracket like this and an 8088 to 8088 cable to connect outside your computer and then it would effectively give you an SFF-8087 port. Then you could use either of the SFF-8087 to 4X SATA or 4X SAS cables.

https://www.amazon.com/CableDeconn-SFF-8088-SFF-8087-Adapter-Bracket/dp/B00PRXOQFA/

https://www.amazon.com/CableCreation-External-26pin-SFF-8088-Cable/dp/B013G4F3A8/

All of the cables above are normal forward breakout cables. When you read the manual and it says that the 4 internal SATA ports support SAS drives it is technically true but how do you connect them? The people who would use that feature are usually connecting to a SAS backplane with an SFF-8087 or other type of SAS port. So they would use a reverse breakout cable but you don’t have a backplane so forget about that.

copy / paste of my previous post

Silent bit rot where a bit flips but there is no hardware is extremely rare. My stats say once a year on 300TB of data. Some statistics major can correct me but if someone has 1TB of data then they should see a single bit flip in 300 years so maybe their great great great grandchildren will see it and report back to them in a time machine.

All of my data is on ordinary ext4 hard drives. I buy all my drives in groups of 3. I have my local file server, local backup, and remote backup. I have 2 drives in the local file server dedicated for snapraid parity and run “snapraid sync” every night.

https://www.snapraid.it

Snapraid has a data scrub feature. I run that once every 6 months to verify that my primary copy of my data in my file server is still correct.

Then I run cshatag on every file when generates SHA256 checksums and stores them as ext4 extended attribute metadata. It compares the stored checksum and stored timestamp and if any file has changed but the timestamp wasn’t edited it reports it as corrupt.

https://github.com/rfjakob/cshatag

Then I use rsync -RHXva when I make my backups via rsync of all my media drives. This data is almost never modifed, just new files are added. The -X option is to also copy over the extended attribute metadata. Then I run the same cshatag file on the local backup and remote backup server. This takes about 1 day to run. On literally 90 million files across 300TB it finds a single file about once a year that has been silently corrupted. I have 2 other copies that match each other so I overwrite the bad file with one of the good copies.

I only run rsnapshot on /home because that is where my frequently changing files are. The other 99% of my data is maybe “write only” so I just use rsync from the main file server to the two backups. Before I run rsync for real I use rsync --dry-run to show what WOULD change but it doesn’t do anything. If I see the files I expect to be written then I run it for real. If I were to see thousands of files that would be changed I would stop and investigate. Was this a cryptolocker virus that updated thousands of files?

As for backing up the operating system I have the /etc and /root account backed up every hour through rsnapshot along with /home

I’m not running a business. I can reinstall Linux in 15 minutes on a new SSD and copy over the handful of files I need from the /etc backup

Red Hat made Stratis to layer all this stuff together but I’ve never tried it.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stratis_(configuration_daemon)

https://access.redhat.com/documentation/en-us/red_hat_enterprise_linux/8/html/managing_file_systems/setting-up-stratis-file-systems_managing-file-systems

https://stratis-storage.github.io/

How many drive bays do you actually want? 4? 8? 36? What is your budget?

Your links says:

Six internal SFF-8643 HD Mini SAS connectors support up to twenty-four 6Gb/s 3.5" or 2.5" SATA (II or III) or SAS 6 or 12Gb/s hard drives

Each SAS ports supports 4 drives. The “8i” card is named that because it has 2 SAS ports to support 8 internal drives. Most people use breakout cables that are SFF-8087 (internal SAS port) to 4X SATA but you’ve got a backplane so you don’t want that.

You can either buy an expensive LSI SAS 24i card like this which has 6 SAS ports (6 ports x 4 drives = 24 drives)

https://www.ebay.com/itm/133151982832

Or get the 8i card together with a SAS expander card like this

https://www.ebay.com/itm/305142758393

The SAS expander card doesn’t work by itself. You connect 1 or 2 ports to the main SAS HBA card. Then you can connect the other SAS ports to your backplane. It also only needs power from the PCIE slot, the data is all sent over the SAS cables back to the HBA card.

You would need some SFF-8087 to 8087 cables to connect the HBA card to the expander card and then some 8087 to 8643 cables to connect to the backplane.

https://www.amazon.com/10Gtek-Internal-SFF-8643-SFF-8087-0-8-Meter/dp/B01AOS4RFQ

Internet Archive used to have a huge collection. There is still a lot but they had links to some recordings like the first 12 hours when the channel launched and stuff like that. I can’t find it now but youtube has this

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PJtiPRDIqtI