You cannot connect a SAS HDD to a SATA port with any sort of cable. You need to install a SAS controller card into your computer, and consumer PCs and Macs don’t normally have those.
The reason you see so many SAS refurbished drives for so cheap is that people like you mistakenly buy them and discover they can’t make them work on their computers, so they return them or try to fob them off on eBay and the like.
50GB x 30 days = 1.5 terabytes per month x 12 = 18 terabytes per year x infinite number of users = updated terms of service that states “unlimited storage BUT NOT LIKE THAT YOU UNWASHED HORDES OF HOARDERS”.
A quick Google search and I see some of the clickbait YouTube conspiracy videos you might be getting sucked into. Stop watching that brain-rotting nonsense, it’s just somebody’s meth-fueled fantasy.
If you actually had the equipment and know-how to assemble a hard drive from spare parts, you wouldn’t be asking this question.
If you are just diving into this thinking you can figure it out yourself, STOP. You can’t. All you will do is further damage the data. Send it to a professional service.
Short answer: No.
Long answer: AHAHAHAHAHAHAHA no.
Encrypt your data on your end before a cloud client even looks in its general direction.
Many copies in many places, with some of the places being as far away as possible - a different country at least, a different continent even better.
due to data storage policies, it must NOT be a SSD but a spinning drive
due to the use of ZFS, it can’t be a SMR
Ditch the janky enclosure that requires obsolete technology and tell management that it isn’t 2003 anymore. The HDD manufacturers started exiting the 2.5" market a decade ago and attempting to support this dead tech is unsustainable. They don’t even make what you’re looking for anymore.
Keep in mind that Black Friday and Cyber Monday just happened.